Nestled amidst the rugged Hajar Mountains in Khorfakkan, Sharjah, Al Rafisah Dam is a captivating blend of natural beauty, recreational opportunities, and historical significance. This man-made marvel, originally constructed in the 1980s, has evolved into one of the United Arab Emirates’ most cherished tourist destinations, drawing nature lovers, adventure enthusiasts, and history buffs alike. With its serene azure reservoir, lush greenery, and a backdrop of towering sandstone peaks, Al Rafisah Dam offers a tranquil escape from urban life. This article delves into the dam’s history, features, activities, and why it’s a must-visit spot for anyone exploring the UAE’s east coast.
Al Rafisah Dam, also spelled Al Rufaisah or Ar Rafīṣah (Arabic: سدّ اٱرَّفِيْصَة), was built in the 1980s as part of a $63 million contract that also included the Khor Fakkan Dam. It serves to capture the seasonal waters of Wadi Shie (also referred to as Wadi Shees), a riverbed of archaeological importance that flows through the Hajar Mountains to the coastal city of Khorfakkan. The dam spans an area of 10,684 square meters and is strategically located along the Sharjah-Khorfakkan highway (S142), a 14-year infrastructure project that has reduced travel time from Sharjah to Khorfakkan to just 45 minutes. This accessibility has transformed Al Rafisah into a popular day-trip destination.
The dam’s recreational facilities were developed later, with significant upgrades including a visitor center, rest areas, and family-friendly amenities. The surrounding Wadi Shea Fortress and ancient plantations have been restored, adding a layer of historical intrigue. Archaeological findings in the area, including Stone Age artifacts and remnants of ancient settlements, highlight the region’s rich past, making it a point of interest for history enthusiasts.
Beyond its natural allure, Al Rafisah Dam is steeped in history. The Wadi Shie area has yielded Stone Age artifacts and evidence of ancient settlements, underscoring its archaeological importance. The restored Wadi Shea Fortress and nearby Najd Al Maqsar village, with its 300-year-old fortress and mud houses, offer glimpses into the region’s past. These sites, combined with the dam’s proximity to Khorfakkan’s historical landmarks like the Hisn Khorfakkan Museum and Khorfakkan Fort, make it a cultural hub for visitors seeking to explore the UAE’s heritage.
Al Rafisah Dam is a visual spectacle, framed by the dramatic Hajar Mountains and a vibrant ecosystem. The reservoir, a man-made lake, reflects the clear blue skies and is surrounded by lush greenery, creating a serene and picturesque setting. A 55-meter artificial waterfall cascades into the reservoir, enhancing the dam’s charm and providing a soothing backdrop for visitors. This waterfall, framed by verdant foliage, is a popular spot for photographs and relaxation.
The dam is a haven for wildlife, attracting migratory birds such as herons and the Little Grebe, as well as resident species. Birdwatchers can spot a variety of aquatic and migratory birds, especially during winter months. The area also hosts local flora and fauna, though invasive species like Tilapia and red-eared slider turtles have been noted. For those visiting during summer, lower water levels may reveal submerged ruins, adding an element of mystery to the landscape.
A 730-meter-long walkway, lined with palm trees and benches, winds around the dam and along the mountain’s edge, offering breathtaking views of the reservoir and surrounding peaks. This pathway leads to the restored Wadi Shea Fortress and nearby plantations, making it ideal for leisurely strolls or more adventurous hikes.
Al Rafisah Dam is a family-friendly destination with a wide range of activities to suit all interests and fitness levels. Below are some highlights:
The calm waters of the reservoir are perfect for water-based activities. Visitors can rent kayaks, pedal boats, or “doughnut” boats through Al Khor Kayak, with prices starting at AED 45 for 30 minutes for a two- or three-person kayak or pedal boat (AED 60 for larger boats accommodating older children). Kayaking offers a unique perspective of the dam, allowing visitors to glide past ducks and even spot gazelles on a small island in the lake’s center. Boating operates daily from 7:00 AM to 9:00 PM, with life jackets provided and mandatory for safety. Children under 2 are not permitted on boats.
The dam is a paradise for hikers, offering trails of varying difficulty. A well-marked, easy-to-moderate trail to the Al Suhab Rest Area takes approximately three hours round trip, rewarding hikers with panoramic views of the dam and mountains. For a shorter trek, a climb to Al Hosn Castle, perched along the Hajar Mountains, offers stunning vistas of the reservoir and is considered “Insta-worthy.” The diverse terrain caters to both novice and experienced hikers, with rest stops along the way.
Families with children will appreciate the dam’s four outdoor play areas, including two for toddlers and two for older kids, equipped with swings, slides, and climbing structures. Picnic zones with shaded seating for up to 300 people provide ample space for barbecues or relaxed meals. The presence of ducks and gazelles adds a delightful touch for younger visitors.
The dam’s rich biodiversity makes it a prime spot for birdwatching, particularly during early mornings or late afternoons. Photographers will find endless opportunities to capture the waterfall, reservoir, and vibrant sunsets against the rugged mountains. The Sharjah Light Festival in February illuminates the surrounding peaks with a spectacular light show, creating a magical backdrop for evening photography.
The Rafisa Lounge Restaurant & Café offers Emirati cuisine with stunning lake views, set against traditional decor. Highlights include affordable Karak tea (AED 1) and a variety of refreshing beverages and homely dishes. A small co-op and nearby shops sell snacks, drinks, and traditional handicrafts, perfect for souvenirs.
Al Rafisah Dam is well-equipped for visitors, ensuring a comfortable and enjoyable experience. Key amenities include:
The best time to visit is from October to April, when cooler weather enhances outdoor activities. However, the dam’s charm persists year-round, with each season offering unique views and experiences. Visitors are advised to bring water shoes, dry bags for kayaking, and cash, as some facilities may not accept cards.
Al Rafisah Dam in Khorfakkan is more than a scenic reservoir; it’s a vibrant destination that celebrates nature, adventure, and history. Whether you’re kayaking across the tranquil lake, hiking through the Hajar Mountains, or savoring Emirati cuisine with a view, the dam offers something for everyone. Its accessibility, free entry, and diverse activities make it an ideal spot for families, solo travelers, and groups seeking an authentic UAE experience. Plan your visit to Al Rafisah Dam and discover why this hidden gem is a cornerstone of Sharjah’s east coast.
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